Components of Hyperledger Fabric Network

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Introduction

Hyperledger Fabric platform is a blockchain framework hosted by the Linux Foundation. It has become an active and developing community of developers. Fabric networks are permissioned, meaning all participating member's identities are known, and authenticated unidentified members cannot enter the network. It has a lot of components that work together to form a Private Network.

Components

The main components of the Hyperledger Fabric network are as follows

• Organization

• Peer

• Channel

• Orderer

• Ledger

• Smart Contract / Chaincode

• Certificate Authority

• Client Application

Organization (R)

Organizations are the top participants in the fabric network and get further divided into peers. For example, hospitals can be an Organization in a fabric network, and doctors can be peers.

Peer (P)

Peers are basic components of the network because they host ledgers and smart contracts. Peers are parts of the Organization. A Peer can have any number of Chaincode and Ledger on it.

Channel (C)

Between two or more members of a Hyperledger Fabric network, a channel is a private communication pathway. All the transactions on a Hyperledger Fabric network occur on a channel.

Orderer (O)

The responsibility of order for packaging transactions into Blocks and dividing them to Anchor Peers across the network. The first step of transaction flow is Proposal, then Packaging, and the last step is Validation

Ledger (L)

A ledger is a prime concept in Hyperledger Fabric. It stores crucial information about business objects, both the current value of these attributes of the object and the history of transactions that result in these current values.

Smart Contract / Chaincode (S)

Chaincode is a program written in Go, node. JS, or Java that executes a prescribed interface. It runs in a secured Docker container hidden from the endorsing peer process. Also, it starts and manages the ledger state via transactions submitted by applications. 

Certificate Authority (CA)

For the Hyperledger Fabric, the certificate authority (CA) is Hyperledger Fabric CA. It provides registration of identities or connects to LDAP as the user registry. Also, the issues Enrollment Certificates (ECerts) certificate renewal and revocation.

Client Application (A)

A client is an end-user of the application. The client calls the smart contract by placing a request on the channel. And the picking of requests is by the required peers and executed. The sending of resulting read-write sets is to the client.

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